Architectural and structural design of G+3 residential house . Case study Kigali, Gisozi sector

Abstract

This project presents the architectural and structural design of a four-story residential house (Ground + 3 floors) that aims to offer a blend of modern design, functional living spaces, and structural integrity. Located in Gisozi sector, the design focuses on optimizing space usage while ensuring durability and aesthetic appeal. The building has symmetricity in both directions as far as the layout of rooms is concerned. Therefore, the numbering of slab and beam is done for one quadrant and central stairs corridor only. The plan view, elevation view are done in ArchiCAD and Prokon perform the structural plan, then live load and dead load is determined according to BS code followed by the design of slab, beams, column, and footing. The structural design system involves preliminary analysis, proportioning of members, detailed analysis and evaluation. The architectural design of the G+3 residential house integrates contemporary style with practical living solutions. The facade features a modern aesthetic with clean lines, a combination of natural and engineered materials such as glass, concrete, and steel, and a balanced use of shading devices to enhance energy efficiency. Each floor is thoughtfully designed to accommodate different functions: the ground floor includes communal areas and amenities, while the upper floors provide private residential spaces. Key architectural features include spacious balconies, large windows for natural light, and a rooftop terrace designed for recreational use. The design emphasizes connectivity between indoor and outdoor spaces, fostering a harmonious living environment. The structural design incorporates a reinforced concrete frame system to ensure stability and support the multi-story configuration. The design includes a robust foundation system tailored to local soil conditions and seismic requirements. The use of reinforced concrete columns and beams, combined with concrete slab floors, provides the necessary load-bearing capacity while allowing for open floor plans. The structural framework supports the vertical load distribution and ensures the safety and durability of the building over its lifespan. Sustainability is a key focus, with the design incorporating several energy-efficient features. High-performance insulation, low-E glass windows, and an advanced HVAC system are integrated to enhance thermal comfort and reduce energy consumption. The house is designed to maximize natural ventilation and daylight, reducing the reliance on artificial lighting and mechanical cooling. Additionally, rainwater harvesting systems and efficient water fixtures contribute to the overall sustainability of the home.