Abstract:
The Internet of Things (IoT) has advanced quickly, changing traditional agricultural practices
through improved resource management, automation, and monitoring. This Project examines the
planning and execution of an Internet of Things system created specially to meet the irrigation and
security requirements of cannabis farming. The system tackles both legal compliance and
operational efficiency, given Rwanda's highly regulated cannabis farming environment, where
stringent government controls are placed on cultivation for medical and scientific purposes. The
case study focuses on the legal framework for cannabis cultivation in Rwanda, which stipulates
strict security measures, such as round-the-clock video surveillance, as stated in the final Cannabis
Cultivation License that was acquired through Irembo.
To provide optimal irrigation based on soil moisture levels and real-time monitoring, the IoT
system integrates security cameras with automated watering mechanisms. Two soil moisture
sensors keep an eye on the environmental conditions surrounding the plant, and the ESP32 CAM
is used for security surveillance. Plants only receive water when necessary and a relay that is
connected to a NodeMCU and controls a 5V water pump. The system is sustainable and energy
efficient. To facilitate remote monitoring and control, all sensor data and camera footage are
combined into a MySQL database and made available via a web-based interface.
This project is important because it has the potential to improve cannabis cultivation's security and
productivity while guaranteeing compliance with Rwanda's strict regulations. Grid power's
incorporation of renewable energy highlights the system's sustainability even more. In addition to
helping Rwandan cannabis farmers, this project acts as a template for other high-value, regulated
crops around the world where environmental control and security are crucial.
This book is divided into multiple chapters, beginning with an overview that describes the project's
motivations and goals. Subsequently, a thorough analysis of the research methods, system
architecture, and implementation procedure is covered. A review of the outcomes, difficulties
encountered, and suggestions for future advancements round out the section. The study advances
the rapidly expanding field of smart agriculture and shows how the Internet of Things has the
power to completely transform the monitoring, cultivation, and cultivation of regulated crops,
assuring sustainability, efficiency, and compliance.
