Abstract:
This research investigates the socio-economic contribution of Akagera National Park to the well-being of residents in Kayonza District, Rwanda, from 2021 to 2024.
The primary objective of this study is to assess how the park’s tourism and conservation initiatives have directly or indirectly influenced the socio-economic conditions of the local population, with a focus on areas such as employment, infrastructure, and income generation
A mixed-methods approach, involving both qualitative and quantitative research techniques, was used to gather comprehensive data. Statistical tools such as SPSS were used to analyze the result revealed that Akagera National Park has become a significant source of employment in the region.
Akagera’s presence has also contributed to infrastructure development in Kayonza District. 36.46% of respondents noted improvements in local roads and transportation systems and 26.04% of tourism related employment with 10.4% was increased in sector of local manucturing tourism related
Despite these positive contributions, the research uncovered several challenges. For instance, Unequal distribution of benefits where people living closer to the park tend to benefit more, while those in remote areas feel left out, respondents highlighted ongoing human-wildlife conflicts, particularly involving crop damage caused by animals straying from the park. This has negatively impacted local farming communities,
The findings of this research demonstrate that Akagera National Park has made significant contributions to the socio-economic well-being of citizens in Kayonza District residents, especially in terms of job creation, income growth, and infrastructure improvement. However, the study also highlights key areas for improvement, including wildlife management, marketing, and increased community participation in decision-making processes.
This research provides valuable insights for policymakers, conservationists, and tourism industry stakeholders seeking to maximize the socio-economic benefits of protected areas in Rwanda and beyond. By incorporating local voices into park management and ensuring more equitable distribution of tourism revenues, Akagera National Park could serve as a model for sustainable tourism development across Africa.
