Impact of Corruption on the Local development in South Sudan.Case of Central Equatoria State (2021-2024)

Abstract

The study investigated the impact of corruption on development in South Sudan, with a case study of Central Equatoria State, South Sudan. The objectives were to identify corruption practices in Central Equatoria State, evaluate the level of development in Central Equatoria State, and explore the relationship between corruption and development in Central Equatoria State. A cross-sectional survey design was employed, utilizing both quantitative and qualitative approaches. The study population was 300, and a sample of 169 respondents was selected using the Krejcie and Morgan (1970) table, with a response rate of 150. Both simple random and purposive sampling techniques were employed in selecting the respondents. The study used both self-administered questionnaires and interview guides for data collection. Quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive statistical analysis with the help of SPSS Version 25, and qualitative data was analyzed using content analysis. It is concluded that corruption is a widespread issue in Central Equatoria State, South Sudan, marked by

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significant embezzlement of public funds meant for essential services. Employment decisions are often influenced by nepotism rather than qualifications, disproportionately affecting women who face sextortion for job opportunities. Resource distribution favors political insiders through patronage, while favoritism in contract awards benefits those connected to decision-makers. Bribery has become a normalized part of bureaucratic processes, adversely affecting both citizens and businesses. Additionally, it is concluded that economic development in Central Equatoria State, South Sudan, is not meeting expectations despite some improvements in education and healthcare services. Local policies do not adequately prioritize sustainable development, resulting in minimal social progress that fails to address community needs. The lack of inclusive development practices has led to significant inequalities in service delivery across various regions within the state. The level of development in Central Equatoria State is significantly hindered by various forms of corruption. Embezzlement negatively impacts developmental projects, while nepotism reduces the quality of public services. Sextortion creates fear and mistrust among citizens towards authorities, and cronyism obstructs new businesses from entering the market. Additionally, patronage limits fair competition for resources, favoritism leads to unequal opportunities, and bribery poses a major challenge for legal business operations. The study recommends the government of South Sudan to enhance the transparency and accountability of government institutions. Implementing robust governance frameworks can reduce opportunities for corrupt practices. The government of South Sudan should encourage active participation from civil society organizations to help monitor government activities and hold officials accountable, thereby reducing corruption. Establish and enforce strict anti-corruption laws will deter corrupt behavior among public officials and promote ethical conduct.