ROLE OF UNITED NATIONS IN PROMOTING PEACE AND SECURITY IN SOUTH SUDAN CASE STUDY: CENTRAL EQUATORIA STATE (2022-2024)

Abstract

The study investigated the role of United Nations in promoting peace and security in South Sudan, with a case study of Central Equatoria State, South Sudan. The objectives were to find out the roles UN has played in promoting peace and security in in Central Equatoria State, and evaluate the effectiveness of UN peacekeeping missions in reducing violence and promoting stability within Central Equatoria State. A cross-sectional survey design was used, along with a mixed research approach. The study population was 75, and a sample of 63 respondents was selected using the Krejcie and Morgan (1970) tabl. Both simple random and purposive sampling techniques were employed in selecting the respondents. The study used both self-administered questionnaires and interview guides for data collection. Quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive statistical analysis with the help of SPSS Version 23, and qualitative data was analyzed using content analysis. It is revealed that It is concluded that The UN has played a crucial role in promoting peace and security in Central Equatoria State through various initiatives. Its peacekeeping missions have contributed to stability by providing a secure environment for civilians. Conflict resolution efforts have successfully mitigated tensions among local communities, while humanitarian assistance has improved living conditions for displaced persons. Additionally, the UN’s capacity-building programs have strengthened local governance and security structures. Community engagement initiatives foster trust among different ethnic groups, and monitoring mechanisms ensure compliance with peace agreements. The application of the Responsibility to Protect doctrine has further safeguarded civilians during conflicts. The study recommends that UN should support the establishment of inclusive local governance structures to enhance community participation in decision-making processes. UN must facilitate comprehensive security sector reforms to build a professional and accountable security force. UN should implement programs aimed at economic development to address the root causes of conflict, such as poverty and unemployment.