Te effects of Globalization on the Susainable development in Rwanda.Case of Transborder business companies operating in Kigali City (2020-2024)

Abstract

This study assessed the effects of globalization on the sustainable development of Kigali City, focusing on transborder business companies operating between 2020 and 2024. The objectives were to analyze the effects of globalization on sustainable development, identify the challenges Kigali City faces concerning globalization and sustainable development, and suggest measures to

15 implement globalization policies for sustainable development. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, the research employed purposive sampling and incorporated techniques such as interviews, questionnaires, documentation, and observation for data collection. The analysis involved descriptive statistics, thematic analysis, comparative, historical, and synthetical methods. Findings revealed that globalization significantly enhanced foreign investment, access to advanced technologies, and infrastructure development while improving education quality and fostering a global perspective among residents. However, challenges emerged, including exacerbated income inequality, increased competition for local businesses, and environmental degradation. To address these challenges, the study recommended promoting local entrepreneurship, strengthening environmental regulations, investing in education and skills development, enhancing public-private partnerships, and advocating for fair trade practices. These measures aim to ensure that the benefits of globalization contribute positively to the sustainable development of Kigali City.