Abstract:
This study assessed the effects of globalization on the sustainable development of Kigali City,
focusing on transborder business companies operating between 2020 and 2024. The objectives
were to analyze the effects of globalization on sustainable development, identify the challenges
Kigali City faces concerning globalization and sustainable development, and suggest measures to
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implement globalization policies for sustainable development. Utilizing a mixed-methods
approach, the research employed purposive sampling and incorporated techniques such as
interviews, questionnaires, documentation, and observation for data collection. The analysis
involved descriptive statistics, thematic analysis, comparative, historical, and synthetical
methods. Findings revealed that globalization significantly enhanced foreign investment, access
to advanced technologies, and infrastructure development while improving education quality and
fostering a global perspective among residents. However, challenges emerged, including
exacerbated income inequality, increased competition for local businesses, and environmental
degradation. To address these challenges, the study recommended promoting local
entrepreneurship, strengthening environmental regulations, investing in education and skills
development, enhancing public-private partnerships, and advocating for fair trade practices.
These measures aim to ensure that the benefits of globalization contribute positively to the
sustainable development of Kigali City.
