Impact of Male Gender based violence on Household's Socio-Economic development in Rwanda.Case of Kicukiro District Nyarugunga Sector

Abstract

The main purpose is to assess the impact of gender based Violence on Household’s Socio- Economic development in Rwanda, a case study of Kicukiro District, Nyarugunga Sector, during the period from 2015 up to 2023. The specific objectives of the study are to analyse the status of gender based violence in Kicukiro District, Nyarugunga Secto, examine the extent of socio-economic development of population living in Kicukiro District, Nyarugunga

14 Sector and evaluate the relationship between gender based violence and socio- economic development of population living in Kicukiro District, Nyarugunga Sector. The sample size was 100 selected from 49,247 as population of Nyarugunga Sector. The techniques used to collect data were questionnaire, interview, observation and questionnaire techniques. The methods of data analysis were historical, synthetical and analytical methods. The results of data analysis shows that 94.8% of the respondents confirmed poverty and other economic factors to be the major causes of GBV against men by women, 81.4% of the respondents confirmed the culture and tradition framework, 100% of the respondents emphasized on Poor perception on Gender promotion, 87.6% of the respondents confirmed legal and historical factors framework and 98.6% of the respondents underlined inappropriate Sexual behaviors while Marital dissatisfaction and disagreement were considered at 100% of the respondents. Forced to Account for Financial Expenditures (Mean = 4.28, Std Dev = 1.293): Many respondents report being forced to account for every financial expenditure, showing a high level of financial scrutiny and control. However, there is notable variability in responses. Restricted Access to Necessary Resources (Mean = 4.227, Std Dev = 1.382): The highest mean score (4.50) reflects strong agreement that GBV significantly affects mental health. The low standard deviation (0.70) reinforces that most respondents share this view, pointing to widespread mental health challenges such as depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and other psychological consequences experienced by victims of GBV. The researcher recommended to ensure that there are robust laws against GBV, including domestic violence, sexual assault, and harassment. Laws should provide clear definitions, penalties, and protections for survivors. Align national policies with international frameworks and standards on GBV prevention and response. Encourage respectful behavior and communication in all areas of life, including at home, at work, and in public spaces.