THE CONTRIBUTION OF HUMANITARIAN AID IN ENHANCING WATER, SANITATION AND HYGIENE (WASH) INTERVENTIONS IN SOUTH SUDAN A CASE STUDY OF UNITED NATIONS CHILDREN FUNDS (UNICEF) IN JONGLEI STATE (2020 – 2024)

Abstract

This study examines the contribution of humanitarian aid in enhancing Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) interventions in Jonglei State, South Sudan, with a specific focus on the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) from 2020 to 2024. The research evaluates the effectiveness of UNICEF's WASH programs in improving access to clean water, assesses the contribution of sanitation initiatives on reducing waterborne diseases, and analyzes the effectiveness of hygiene promotion activities in fostering behavioral changes within communities. Employing a descriptive research design that incorporates both qualitative and quantitative methods, data were collected through stratified sampling techniques, questionnaires, interviews, and document reviews. The findings indicate that UNICEF's interventions have significantly improved water quality, reduced disease prevalence, and increased community awareness regarding hygiene practices. However, challenges such as funding limitations, local capacity gaps, and political instability hinder program implementation. The study concludes with actionable recommendations for UNICEF, local government, and community members to enhance the sustainability and effectiveness of WASH interventions in the region.